Pressure Vessel

Keyser Pressure Vessels Applications

Keyser pressure vessels are used actively in many areas in both the industrial and private sector. For example, in the industrial field, they are used in compressed air receivers and domestic hot water storage tanks. Some other examples of pressure vessels includes recompression chamber, diving cylinder, distillation towers, and vessels used in oil refineries and petrochemical plants, nuclear reactor vessel, , pneumatic reservoir, rail vehicle airbrake reservoir, road vehicle airbrake reservoir and storage vessels for liquified gases such as propane, chlorine, and LPG.

Construction Materials

Most materials with good tensile properties that is chemically stable in the chosen application can be used for the construction of pressure vessels, with Steel being the most commonly material. To manufacture a spherical pressure vessel, forged parts would have to be welded together. Forging can be used to increase some of the mechanical properties of steel. However, welding can sometimes reduce these desirable properties. Carefully selected steel with a high impact resistance & corrosion resistant material should be used to meet international safety standards. Some pressure vessels which are made of wound carbon fibre held in place with a polymer. As carbon fibre possesses very high tensile strength, these vessels can be very light, but are more difficult to manufacture. Other very common materials include polymers such as PET in carbonated beverage containers and copper in plumbing.

Design and operation standards

All Keyser pressure vessels are designed to operate safely at a specific pressure and temperature, which are also technically defined as the “Design Pressure” and “Design Temperature”. Due to this, all the designing and the certification of Keyser pressure vessels are governed by design codes such as the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in North America and and other international standards like Det Norske Veritas.

Construction of Keyser Pressure Vessels (Carbon Steel)

Stage 1: Welding Shell and Heal of Pressure Vessel.
Stage 2: Fitting up on pipe inlets and outlets.
Stage 3: Non-destructive testing (NDT) on all Welded Joints as per requirements.
Stage 4: After Pressure Testing, Coating to be applied internally and externally.

Fabrication of Air Receiver

This pressure vessel is an AIR RECEIVER with a capacity of 500 litres at a pressure of 8 Barg. Vessel was constructed with SA 53 Gr B shell material and SA 234 Gr WPB Standard cap. The fabrication of these pressure vessels (4 Units) was carried out in 6 days including Hydrotesting. The vessel is designed as per ASME Sec. Vill Div. 1 2007 Edition (2008 Addenda) and under DNV Inspection.

1) Preparation for welding

2) Welding process

3) Fit-up nozzle process

4) Alignment process

5) NDT-Radiographic Testing

6) Completed Product

General Notes:

  1. All dimension are in millimeters (mm) unless noted otherwise.
  2. All bolt holes shall straddle the main vessel axis line.
  3. Flanges shall conform to ANSI B16.5
  4. Quantity in bill of materials is for one (1) unit only. Quantity required is three (3) units.
  5. All sharp edges shall be rounded off to R3 min.
  6. Hydrostatic testing shall be as per Hydrostatic testing procedure.
  7. The lifting LUG and LEG support welds shall be dye penetrate tested.

Construction of Keyser Pressure Vessels (Carbon Steel)

All Keyser pressure vessels are designed to operate safely at a specific pressure and temperature, which are also technically defined as the “Design Pressure” and “Design Temperature”. All the designed and the certification of Keyser pressure vessels are governed by design codes such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in North America and other international standards like Det Norske Veritas.

External Pressure Calculations

Pv Elite 2008 Licensee : Keyser Technologies Pte Ltd
File Name : MBJ-6305ABC CAL
External Pressure Calculations Step: 4     11:59am Apr 25, 2009

External Pressure Calculation Results: ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1, 2007

 

Bottom Head
Elastic Modulus from Chart: HA-4 at 38 C : 0.19305E+09 KPa.
Results for Maximum Allowable External Pressure (MAEP):

EMAP = B/ (Ro/t) = 63.6514 / 134.9286 = 471.7141 KPa.

 

Shell
Elastic Modulus from Chart: HA-4 at 38 C : 0.19305E+09 KPa.
Results for Maximum Allowable External Pressure (MAEP):

EMAP = (4*B) / (3*(D/t)) = (4*58.2298) / (3*127.0000) = 611.3009 KPa.
EMAP = (4*B) / (3*(D/t)) = (4*6.5834) / (3*127.0000) = 69.1126 KPa.

 

Top Head
Elastic Modulus from Chart: HA-4 at 38 C : 0.19305E+09 KPa.
Results for Maximum Allowable External Pressure (MAEP):

EMAP = B/ (Ro/t) = 63.6514 / 134.9286 = 471.7141 KPa.
External Pressure Calculations

External Pressure Calculations

 

Pv Elite 2008 Licensee : Keyser Technologies Pte Ltd
File Name : MBJ-6305ABC CAL
External Pressure Calculations Step: 4     11:59am Apr 25, 2009

External Pressure Calculations

PV Elite 2008 ‘ 1993-2008 by COADE Engineering Software.

Pv Elite 2008 Licensee : Keyser Technologies Pte Ltd
File Name : MBJ-6305ABC CAL
Nozzle     Step: 28 11:59am Apr 25, 2009

 

Nozzle Calculation Summary

Min. – Nozzles 1115.38 H1/H2-150
Min. Shell & Flgs 1082.35 10 20 1115.01
Computed Vessel M.A.W.P 1082.35 KPa.
[*] – This was a small opening and the areas were not computed or the MAWP of this connection could not be computed because the longitudinal bending stress was greater than the hoop stress.
Note: MAWPs (Internal Case) shown above are at the high point.

Check the Spatial Relationship between the Nozzles

The Nozzle spacing is computed by the following:
= Sqrt ( 112 + 1c2 ) where
11 – Arc length along the inside vessel surface in the long. direction.
1c – Arc length along the inside vessel surface in the circ. direction.

PV Elite 2008 ‘ 1993-2008 by COADE Engineering Software.

Turnkey Project

Other Fabrication & Assembly Work

Pipe Works

Underground Piping Projects (Natural Gas Line-100% RT/NDT)

Product Fabrication

Fabrication Work for Expansion joint

Assembly Work

Assembling & Disassembling Work onboard Vessels.

Welding

Workmanship Expertise, Welding Specialist With Certified Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS) In Accordance To The ASME Standards and DNV Rules.

Type Of Products

REDUCER
Reducer are designed to adapt different sized connection. It also helps in reducing the flow of process medium. Reducers can be concentric or eccentric and can be designed according to application needs.

SILENCER
Silencer are designed for suppressing the noise associated with venting pressurized gas. Typical applications includes, but not limited to, gas blowdown, compressor and steam blowoffs, start gas and process vents and steam ejector.

STRAINERS
Strainers are designed to remove impurities from gas or liquids. It filters out unnecessary particles that may cause damage or contamination to the processes. Strainers are made with corrosion resistant materials for long service.